English And Speak English At Home Than The Overall U.s....

English and speak English at home than the overall U.S. foreign-born population (DHS, 2014). In 2013, about â€Å"69 percent of Mexican immigrants ages 5 and older reported limited English proficiency, compared to 50 percent of the total foreign-born population†(DHS, 2014). Approximately â€Å"4 percent of Mexican immigrants spoke only English at home, versus 16 percent of all immigrants†(DHS, 2014). Assimilation has its merits as it encourages immigrants to learn to speak English, the language that is required to succeed in life as well as experience ordinary life in the United States. Without assimilating enough to at least learn English, the predominant language of the United States, immigrants cannot communicate with Americans and will be confined to their ethnic group. Studies show that immigrants that learn and adopt English as their first language are more likely to self identify as being American (Renshon, 2009). Acquiring language skills is a means that helps i mmigrants become more attached to America’s institutions, to its way of life and its communities. Assimilation not only means learning English, but also developing an appreciation for civil rights, and abiding by laws. Consequently without assimilation, an immigrant will always be â€Å"diverse†, and this divisiveness will inevitably destroy America and its prosperity. Diversity in this sense is not strength, but rather a weakness. Unity, values and a shared identity is what defines a country (Huntington, 2004).Show MoreRelatedSouth Central Brooklyn Serves Community Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesBorough Park, Ditmas Park, Midwood, Kensington, Manhattan Terrance, and Prospect Park South. According to the 2015 U.S census bureau, the population of Brooklyn stands at 2,504,700 out of which South-Central Brooklyn has approximately 804,982 residents and it is expected to have grown gradually through the one year-period that has elapsed (United States Census Bureau, n.d.) . This is more than double the amount of the total number of people that was living in South- Central Brooklyn in 2000, which wasRead MoreEssay about Immigration and Its Effect on the United States Economy1640 Words   |  7 Pagesscience scholars concluded their assessment of U.S. society with the observation that Americas biggest import is people and determined that at a time when attention is directed to the general decline in American exceptionalism, American immigration continues to flow at a rate unknown elsewhere in the world [Oxford Analytica 1986, 20]. Unlike earlier mass immigration periods to the United States the present day wave of immigration to the U.S. show no sign of imminent decline [Bouvier 1991Read MoreSouth Central Brooklyn : The Most Overpopulated Community Within Brooklyn Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesconsists of densely populated African American, Hispanic and West Indian neighborhoods. According to the 2015 U.S census bureau, the population of Brooklyn stands at 2,504,700 out of which South-Central Brooklyn has approximately 804,982 residents and it is expected to have grown gradually through the one year-period that has elapsed (United States Census Bureau, 2014). This is more than double the amount of the total number of people that was living in South- Central Brooklyn in 2000, which wasRead MoreA New Light On Immigration1410 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States. 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Which consists of immigrants being constantly tormented and belittled because of their ethical background. Alberto G. Mata and Catalina Herrerias describe immigrantRead MoreIntercultural Communication1648 Words   |  7 PagesMexico is how the communication significantly affected foreign policy and interna tional commerce between the two countries. Mexico is a country of intercultural significance and neighbors the United States of America. The United States of America is traditional and within the country, many cultures exist. The work ethic and language, within intercultural communication in Mexico and the United States of America, are similar. The population of the United States exceeds 313 million people and thisRead MoreInternational Student Interview Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pagesnot only themselves but by surrounding countries as well. They have first-rate justice systems, improved living situations, high-class transportation, finer luxuries, and enhanced overall lifestyles. My college English class was informed that we must interview an international student to discuss their opinions about the U.S., and it was an exciting topic to conceive. Who better to ask then an individual that has lived in the distant country, smelt the air, and walked the grounds. I began scouring theRead MoreAmerica s Position Of Dominance Sustainable1154 Words   |  5 Pagesminimal for several reasons. The United States will continue to be a massively powerful, secure, and diverse country well into the next century. America is superior compared to every other country because of its geography, economics, military power, population, culture, and more. There is no country that has all the combined factors that make a superpower except the United States. The phenomenal geography of America is one major key that maintains the superiority of the country. First, it has navigableRead MoreThe Island Of Cuba1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe island of Cuba is located on the northern rim of the Caribbean Sea and was inhabited by Arawak and Ciboney Indians prior to colonization by the Spanish in 1511. This native population, due to the colonization of the Spanish, was ravaged by decease, enslavement and warfare which ultimately caused their extinction. Cuba received little attention throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries like most of Spain’s Caribbean colonies because Spain was concentrating attention on Central and SouthRead MorePortland Is The Largest City For A Diverse Population, Culture, Recreation, And History Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"As the original commerce center of Oregon, Portland is the largest city in the state and home to a diverse population, culture, recreation, and history† (Ash, Jylnne). It ranks 17th in terms of population of metropolitan areas in the United States (Park, Peter ). Portland is known for its character, as well as its environmental consciousness, top breweries, and food carts. In a 2009 Pew Research Center study, Portland ranked as the eighth most popular American city according to where participants

List of Examples of Stylistic Devices - 1506 Words

Lexical stylistic devices Metaphor. Sustained metaphor O Rose, thou art sick! The invisible worm That flies in the night, In the howling storm, Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy, And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy. [William Blake â€Å"The sick rose† http://www.poetry-archive.com/b/the_sick_rose.html] novel metaphor: Time is jealous of you and wars against your lilies and your roses [Wilde O. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Penguin books. 1994. P.30] Conventional metaphor If all the worlds a stage, where is the audience sitting? [by Steven Wright â€Å"Anatomy of English humor† Lev Barsky ЛÐ ¸Ã ±Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ¼, ÐÅ"Ð ¾Ã' Ã ºÃ ²Ã °, 2012] Genuine methaphor The pulse of joy that beats in us at twenty, becomes sluggish [Wilde O. The Picture of Dorian Gray.†¦show more content†¦[Maugham â€Å"The happy man†.†Short stories† Vintage books.1998. P.219]. Sentential epithet- Mrs. Vane glanced at her, and with one of those false theatrical gestures that so often become a mode of second nature to a stage-player, clasped her in her arms. [Wilde O. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Penguin books. 1994. P.74] Oxymoron I knew Salvatore first when a boy of fifteen with a pleasant ugly face†¦ [Maugham â€Å"The Salvatore†.†Short stories† Vintage books.1998. P.157]. Hyperbole I like persons with no principles better than anything else in the world. [Wilde O. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Penguin books. 1994. P.16] Periphrasis My dear Tina, we have paid our homage to Neptune. He will forgive us if we now turn our backs on him. [Aaron Kampman Jersey , west-country folksong: â€Å"As Sylvie Was Walking† http://whoced.net/pt/perilous-/blog.htm] Decomposition of a set phrase He saw a notice saying, KEEP TO THE WRONG [Colier J. â€Å"Half way to hell†. P. 335] I am of a roving disposition [Maugham â€Å"The happy man†.†Short stories† Vintage books.1998. P.157]. Euphemism You know I am not a champion of marriage. [Wilde O. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Penguin books. 1994. P.97] Syntactical stylistic devices Stylistic inversion Had he not, guide-book in hand, traversed the forsaken streets of Pompeii? –[Evelyn Waugh â€Å"Decline and Fall†, P. 149] Detached structure And he walked slowly past again, along the river - an evening of clear, quietShow MoreRelatedUsage And Usage Of Alliteration1170 Words   |  5 Pagesin from stem to stern, or with a vowel sound that may differ from syllable to syllable (vocalic alliteration) as in each to all. Alliteration - Examples and Definition of Alliteration - Literary Devices literarydevices.net/alliteration/ Definition, Usage and a list of Alliteration Examples in common speech and literature. Alliteration is a stylistic device in which a number of words, having the ... Alliteration | Definition of Alliteration by Merriam-Webster www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/alliterationRead MoreJ. Galsworthy. the Broken Boot1021 Words   |  5 PagesA Sample of Complex Stylistic Analysis J. Galsworthy. The Broken Boot (E.M. Zeltin et. Al. English Graduation Course, 1972, pp.88-89: finishing with the words .. .walked side by side.) Text Interpretation The passage under analysis is taken from John Galsworthys story The Broken Boot. It is about an actor whose name is Gilbert Caister. For six months he had been without a job and a proper meal. He ran into a man whom he had come to know in a convalescent camp, a man who thought a lot ofRead MoreJ. Galsworthy. the Broken Boot1005 Words   |  5 PagesA Sample of Complex Stylistic Analysis J. Galsworthy. The Broken Boot (E.M. Zeltin et. Al. English Graduation Course, 1972, pp.88-89: finishing with the words .. .walked side by side.) Text Interpretation The passage under analysis is taken from John Galsworthys story The Broken Boot. It is about an actor whose name is Gilbert Caister. For six months he had been without a job and a proper meal. He ran into a man whom he had come to know in a convalescent camp, a man who thought aRead MorePrehistoric Art Study Guide883 Words   |  4 Pagesquestions will be multiple choice. Some will be accompanied by images while others will rely on your use of your knowledge without visual reference points. COVERAGE Visual Material: Selected from the works of art and architecture we have studied - see list below. These have all been discussed IN CLASS AS WELL AS IN THE TEXTBOOK or other readings. (If we do not cover all the works listed below in class, you will not be responsible for them on the test.) Information: You will be expected to know termsRead MoreMany Authors Can Write Beautiful Works, But Not Many Can1324 Words   |  6 Pagespossible. However, despite the overwhelming popularity of Do yle’s work, he is rarely taken seriously as a stylistic writer. He is regarded as a â€Å"first-rate storyteller (as opposed to a serious novelist)† (Hodgkinson). This said, Doyle does have a unique and effective style of writing that truly draws readers into the world of Sherlock Holmes. Through the use of seemingly basic style devices- sentence length and structure, series, and appositives- Doyle brings readers into his stories before theyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Lost On Translation By Lera Boroditsky1468 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough Boroditsky does not include more counterarguments, â€Å"Lost in Translation† is a well written article which demonstrates that languages indeed shape the way people think through her use of the Rhetorical Triangle, inductive logic, and her stylistic choices. In the article â€Å"Lost in Translation†, the author, Lera Boroditsky, maintains as her thesis that the languages we speak not only reflect or express our thoughts, but also shape the very thoughts we wish to express. Boroditsky begins the mainRead MoreStylistic Features in The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin Essay1174 Words   |  5 Pagesliterary work have always employed stylistic devices to pass their message, Kate Chopin was no exception. She employs a number of styles in her book, the story of an Hour. Just like any author she achieves storytelling in a simple and straight forward manner. Some of the stylistic devices she uses are: description, internal monologue, authorial intrusion contrast, figurative expressions, symbolism among others. This paper discusses the use of stylistic features in passing the message toRead MoreThe Great Gatsby - Stylistic Devices1866 Words   |  8 PagesChapter One In Chapter One, F. Scott Fitzgerald mainly uses detail to introduce the setting and characters. For example, when introducing the main setting of the book, he describes his house as squeezed between two huge places that rented for twelve or fifteen thousand a season. (9). One of these houses was Gatsbys. This detail gives the reader an idea of what kind of town this was, and what kind of people lived in it. Fitzgerald also uses detail to introduce characters. When introducingRead MoreLiterary Devices in Pride and Prejudice8198 Words   |  33 Pagesthe Lexical Stylistic devices (Metaphor, metonymy, irony, simile, epithet) in the novel â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austen† DIPLOMA PAPER Scientific Supervisor: E. B. Jumakeeva Done by: Satarova Rahat, group: A08-2 Contents: Pages: Introduction Chapter I. General survey of Stylistic Devices I.1 Historical background of Style and Stylistics Devices I.2 Types of Stylistic Devices ChapterRead MoreWhat it is Like to Live in Paris in the Article, See Paris the Real Parisians Do, from The Arizona Republic1129 Words   |  5 Pagesgraceful Paris is which also gives the text its appreciative and admiring tone. Thus, this makes the reader feel proud if they are from Paris. The readers can also feel grateful because of the beauty described in Paris. The author uses various stylistic devices which include imagery, onomatopoeia, allusions, symbolism, brackets and signs. â€Å"There is traffic, there is noise, there is filth on the streets†( line 6, Nilsen) express Paris through the sense of sight, sound and smell. Imagery is also created

Index Funds and Mutual Funds Free Essays

Whether money is be the root cause of evil or not, I don†t know. What I do know it that since the dawn of man, the concept of currency had been intimately intertwined with human society. It helps form the basis of governments, and most laws. We will write a custom essay sample on Index Funds and Mutual Funds or any similar topic only for you Order Now The world stock market is where these global force that powers our atomic age society merges into a complex matrix of financial void; opportunity in it†s most complex form. The raw power of the stock market that can either bring a man to rapid success, or completely ruin him. Two of the prominent worlds of the stock market are the topic for this research paper: Index Funds and regular mutual funds. To my horror, these two terms are incredibly vague words and each have many different parts with their own specific characteristics. I will be comparing and contrasting the over shared characteristics of both kinds of stock market investing. Let us begin by explaining what both these terms actually mean. Indexing, in its simplest form, means buying all of the stocks, bonds or other instrument of a market, or asset class, instead of trying to pick winners and losers. Index investors are content with the average performance of a market. When they invest, they buy all an amount of all the stocks within the index with the knowledge that some individual stocks will gain and some will lose. The hope and assumption is when investing in index funds, that the overall net change of all the stocks in the index average out to a gain. This is usually the case as the normal trend for a market is to gradually climb. Index investors are skeptical that on average a money manager can improve on the average performance without raising risk. They are even more skeptical after fees are subtracted. The best known index, the Standard Poor’s 500 (SP 500), is a collection of the top 500 major US stocks. However there are dozens of others, including the Euro Top 100, the largest European stocks; EAFE, a broad global index of companies from numerous countries; and the Lehman Brothers Aggregate Bond Index, a collection of government and commercial bonds. Other names for index investing include â€Å"asset class investing† and â€Å"passive investing.† As the name suggests, passive investing is basically a no brainier. The philosophy is not to worry about what individual stocks will gain or lose but to place your risks on the market as a whole. An asset class is simply a category of investment, such as stocks or bonds. No surprises – You instantly know whether your gaining or losing as your profits are based on the overall conditions of the market, or at least the section of the market you invested in. With an actively managed mutual fund investment, you may not know until the very end that the fund manager just lost you or gained you a great deal of free money. Low maintenance – No thinking required. In this sense its kinda like a slot machine just on a much larger scale and on a slot machine†¦ you never win. There is no debating over which stocks to buy, for how long to keep them. Your money stays put; you always know where it is unlike mutual funds where its always being shuffled around. Low Taxes – Taxes on distributions among shareholders is significantly less with index funds as opposed to mutual funds. This saves time and money. Low Expenses – Stock managers charge money. The better they are, the more they charge which boils down to the more you make, the more is taken out of you profit. The average general stock fund takes 1.5% of your assets each year for expenses. Some funds charge much more. The average index fund charges only 0.46%, which means more of your money, is left behind. Lower risk – As you invest in an index, your stocks are generalized throughout the market. This diversification holds a lower risk then picking out individual stocks yourself. Average returns – Investing in an index fund means you’ll never beat the market. You’ll never even match it, since fund expenses will knock a little off your returns. And even though most actively managed mutual funds don’t beat the market over time, a few managers have consistently posted outstanding performances. No downside protection – Mutual fund managers often increase their holdings of bonds and cash if they think the market is poised to fall. Index funds offer no such safeguards: If the market plunges, you’ll go down with it. That’s why most financial planners say index funds are best suited for long-term investors who can ride out dips in the market. High minimums – While index funds generally have low expenses, you may need a lot of money to get started. For example the Vanguard fund requires an initial investment of $3,000 to go into one of its popular index funds; other funds require $1,000 to $5,000. And once you’re in, it might be expensive to get out: Many index funds charge a fee to investors who don’t hold onto their shares at least a year, or more. No fun – Like I said, it†s a no-brainer. Which means you sit and watch your money travel up and down a little red line on you television screen while watching CSPAN. Not as exciting as getting the newspaper the next day and finding out your fund just quintupled. A mutual fund is a company that combines, or pools, investors’ money and, generally, purchases stocks and/or bonds. Ideally, a fund’s size and efficiency, combined with experienced management, provide advantages for investors that include diversification, expert stock and bond selection, low costs, and convenience. In terms of legal structure, a mutual fund is a corporation that receives preferential tax treatment under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. The most common type of mutual fund, called an open-end fund, allows investors to buy and sell stock in it on an ongoing basis. The mutual fund issues shares of stock to investors in exchange for cash. However, unlike most cooperations do, mutual funds don†t issue a set amount of shares; new shares are issued as each new investment is made. Investors thus become part owners of the fund itself, and thereby the assets of the fund. The fund, in turn, uses investors’ cash to purchase securities, such as stocks and bonds. This makes up the majority of the assets that the fund makes for itself. There are two main types of mutual funds, a load and no-load fund. Basically speaking, a load fund is one that has a sales charge, and a no-load does not. Those that do have sales charges simply add them on to the net asset value of the fund, thus coming up with a new, higher offering price per share. The underlying values of the fund†s shares do not change. An investor selling shares will still receive only the net asset value. A no-load fund is simpler. The net asset value is used for both the purchase price and the selling price. Therefore, the two prices are always the same. Diversification – As opposed to independent stock investing. Your money is more diversified but not as Cost – Again, as opposed to individual investing. Funds usually have trading cost discounts and can spread internal cost over the large shareholder base. Professional Management – You have a professional fund manager who watches the stock and decides where it should go and when it should go there. Tax planning difficult – because the timing of taxable distribution is uncertain. You cannot choose the sale dates for yourself and therefore there is much uncertainty on when your taxable distributions are made. Uncertainty – For competitive reasons with other mutual funds, the funds usually don†t disclose the report of a transaction until after its been made. This leaves you constantly one step behind in knowing where you money is. Manager changes – A fund can all of a sudden change a manager which you will not find out about in a timely manner. You don†t know who†s handling your money and have little control over it yourself. How to cite Index Funds and Mutual Funds, Essay examples

Importance of Grammar in Learning-Free-Samples Myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.What is the place of grammar in laguage teaching? 2.How necessary is it for a teacher of English as a foreign language to have a knowledge of English grammar? 3.How necessary is it for the teacher to have a knowledge of the grammar of the students' language or languages? Answers: The role or the utility of grammar in teaching languages has led to a lot of speculation in the recent times. According to teachers who have been engaged with the subject for long as also for linguists, grammar is an important part of the lesson. After the emergence of new approaches and methods, somehow the significance of grammar was lost. In the recent times, more and more attention is being paid to it and is being considered important. Irrespective of the method that the teacher uses, the extent to which the teacher works on grammar is bound to differ greatly depending on the age of the learners. The younger the student is, the lesser is their knowledge of the explanation of grammar and exercises. It is thought that, grammar is not that significant and hence much of attention need not be given to the teacher. This sort of a realization is due to the age of the student. It can additionally be said however that, the students can catch the rules of the language and make them their own much faster than in case of adults. Despite this, there is definitely a need to explain the grammar to kids. 1.It has been seen that the learners minds can control the grammar for the people; the teachers are unable to perform it on their behalf. Grammar is within the mind and is a categorization of knowledge and it is not a set of policies or structures to be memorized or to be learnt as habits but is an active system to be built by the individuals mind for dealing with the different sentences which it hears and grasps. The teaching method provides the way by which the computational system in the students mind can be formulated (Cook). There are considerable learning and mental abilities of the adults just like the younger ones but adult learners are considered to be in need of certain explanations specifically in certain steps of the learning process. One reason they need to attain such a level of accuracy is due to the reason that these people do not seem to be willing to take risks of making mistakes, the younger learners are not really afraid. The second reason for them needing such accuracy is because their age group is that which requires them to join jobs and get involved in their careers. Thus they will need to maintain a command of English in addition to a sound knowledge in their own fields (Alsagoff et al). There are several learners who are always under pressure to accomplish a higher level of accuracy than whatever is needed for an effective amount of communication. It is required that the examiners be satisfied by the students and in these situations, there are certain criteria which have little to do with the effectiveness of the language use. When it comes to the employers, even some frequent small mistakes are unacceptable and hence needs to be kept in mind by them (Richards and Theodore). Accuracy is considered to come after proper amount of exposure and practice but in certain countries, the only place of exposure of the students to the English language is the English class. Therefore it is necessary for the teachers to compensate for the loss of adequate amount of exposure (Cook). Languages have reasons of structure which are difficult and hard to learn. Therefore for the learners to master them, adequate amount of experience, consideration and use of these features are crucial. In cases where the time is limited and learners have out of class exposure, the situation can be brought about with the help of pedagogic intervention. There needs to be explicit teaching and also systematic practices informed by a syllabus of the known problems. The inaccuracy of the methods of understanding also needs to be realized and modified in the very beginning (Dickins and Kevin). There are certain items of grammar which are more vital than others, and other aspects need extremely high exposure in order to be acquired subconsciously. In case the inputs for the exposure are highly sufficient these items are more capably and quickly learned effectively. In case any sort of errors are committed on these cases, the meanings will severely change. On the other hand, the items which are very less basic and also have a less amount of disturbance in case of the communication are more properly acquired either subconsciously or inductively. The grammar items might be more suitably accomplished through the raising of consciousness (Cook). 2.Another important question is the importance of the teachers knowledge in English. A teacher needs to possess sufficient amount of knowledge. The teacher needs to possess the ability to answer all the relevant questions and also those queries which are irrelevant. It is not enough to state that there is no knowledge of a particular topic to a person. In addition to this, due to the extremely fast evolutionary nature of language as also teaching ideas, a teacher needs to be a learner forever nourishing his or her knowledge of the latest amount of changes (Rutherford). The teachers are obliged to be aware of the new ideas about grammar and learning of language today so that they can take from them anything which they find beneficial. It is significant that the teacher of English as an outside language know about the language properly so that the students who learn from that particular teacher are able to grasp the important aspects of grammar apart from learning it as a language (Wong, and Mirta). It is rather difficult for students having different languages as their mother tongue to focus on the conjunctions, articles, prepositions and their effective use in the language which they are learning for the first time. It is therefore the role of the teacher to ensure that all the requirements of the grammar are clearly explained to the students. Introducing innovative ways and methods of learning can also help the students to remember and properly apply the grammatical techniques which they are learning (Basturkmen). 3.Whether the teacher knows about the native language of the students is also a significant question. There are several types of errors which are committed during the learning and teaching process. In case a teacher is aware of the grammar of the students native language, he or she can be made aware of what grammatical processes that arise in the learners mind. It also allows the teacher to identify the problem, in case there are any problems and also inform the students about them. The uses of verbs, prepositions, their positioning as well as the agreement of the verb with subject are different in case of different languages (Purpura). The teachers who are aware of the grammatical differences in the different languages can make the students aware of these issues and prevent them from making grammatical errors. However, the most important issue is the in-depth knowledge of the English language. It is the duty of the teacher to have an in depth knowledge of the languages in which he is teaching (Richards and Theodore). It is due to this that the teacher can notice even the smallest of grammatical errors and ask the students to correct it as soon as they can remove it. The teacher can also devise a solution of it. The knowledge of students native language might help the teacher to relate its procedures with that that of English. However it is not imperative that the teacher possesses knowledge of that language References: Alsagoff, Lubna, et al., eds.Principles and practices for teaching English as an international language. Routledge, 2012. Basturkmen, Helen. "Review of research into the correspondence between language teachers' stated beliefs and practices."System40.2 (2012): 282-295. Cook, Vivian.Second language learning and language teaching. Routledge, 2013. Dickins, Pauline Rea, and Kevin Germaine.Managing evaluation and innovation in language teaching: Building bridges. Routledge, 2014. Purpura, James E.Assessing grammar. John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2013. Richards, Jack C., and Theodore S. Rodgers.Approaches and methods in language teaching. Cambridge university press, 2014. Rutherford, William E.Second language grammar: Learning and teaching. Routledge, 2014. Wong, Cathy Chiu Yin, and Mirta Barrea-Marlys. "The role of grammar in communicative language teaching: An exploration of second language teachers perceptions and classroom practices."Electronic Journal of Foreign L

How to Fix the White Screen of Death in WordPress

How to Fix the White Screen of Death in WordPress post-1758" class="post-1758 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-wordpress-tutorials">If youve been blinded by the whiteness of your site and found a blank screen staring at you then youve already met the infamous white screen of death in WordPress (aka. WSOD).One minute the site works okay, and the other everything goes blank. (This can also happen when your dashboard isnt loading properly even though the front of the site is actually working.)Today, lets look into what causes the white screen of death in WordPress and how to fix it:The most common causes of the white screen of death in WordPressCause #1: Auto upgrade issuesThe symptoms may mimic those of a misconfigured database presenting you with a white screen with no information at all. Or you may see a warning of a failed update.These occur when theres a connection problem that interrupts your updates or incorrect file permissions, which you need to fix.If you encounter this issue, youll need to do a manual WordPress upgrade.Cause #2: Maintenance mode freezeSometimes WordPress gets stuck at:It means that a .maintenance file, which WordPress automatically installs when it starts updating, hasnt been removed.To do this manually, youll need to log in to your site using an FTP client or via your hosting dashboard (cPanel, Plesk, etc) and delete .maintenance, located in your website root folder.Cause #3: Problems with pluginsThe white screen of death in WordPress is a possible culprit if you attempt to:Modify an active pluginUpdate an old oneInstall a new pluginIn many cases, the plugin that has just been installed or modified could result in a conflict with your current theme or other plugins. Thats why its important to use WordPress products developed using best practices.Try to disable any recently modified or installed plugins and see if your WordPress goes back to normal.In case your dashboard isnt operational at all, you can disable plugins in WordPress using FTP access. A caveat is that youll only be able to do this if you have access to your FTP with the required directory permissions. Most hosting companies provide FTP service. However, if WordPress is installed on a Virtual Private Server or youre with a managed host, you might not have an FTP server.You may need to install an FTP client, such as FileZilla.To disable the plugin:Use an authorized account to sign in to your FTP serverFind your WordPress installation directory and open the folder wp_content/pluginsSelect the folder with the plugins nameRename the folder to a different name you can still recognize e.g. if the folder is called my-bad-plugin name it _my-bad-plugin or my-bad-plugin_disabled. Choose any name provided it doesnt sound like any other plugins name and you can remember it laterThats it! Renaming the folder permanently disables the pluginReopen your browser and see whether your site loads. Use the above steps to disable as many plugins as you need to in order to combat the white screen of death in WordPress.Alternatively, you can disable all of your WordPress plugins simultaneously. Heres how:Disabling all your plugins one by one could take you a longer while. Instead, you can rename the main plugins folder to something else, e.g. from wp_content/plugins to wp_content/plugins_old. This should disable all your plugins simultaneously.Then, create another folder called wp_content/plugins. You can activate each plugin by moving them to the new plugins folder.If your case of the white screen of death in WordPress was caused by a particular plugins modification, disabling the plugin through your FTP server should resolve the problem. As a rule of thumb, test all your modified plugins using a backup site before launching on your main WordPress.Cause #4: Problems with themesJust like the white screen of death caused by plugins above, disabling the theme can resolve any WSOD problems that are theme-related. The following are some common causes and s olutions:a) Problems when installing a new themeNew themes can cause a conflict with existing plugins. In this case, deactivate the newly installed theme, which will cause WordPress to revert to your automatic default theme. Ensure that the default theme hasnt already been deleted. If so, upload it back to your themes folder within wp_content/themes.To disable the theme, follow the same procedure described above for plugins, except this time working with the wp_content/themes folder rather than the plugins folder. Rename the specific themes folder, which automatically deactivates the theme.b) Problems with badly coded themesA major WordPress update oftentimes can drive poorly coded themes out. Poorly-coded or outdated themes will often not work once the latest WordPress update is installed.If you notice that the white screen of death in WordPress appeared immediately / soon after conducting an update, your old theme is mostly likely to be the reason behind it. Deactivating your them e as described above could turn things back to normal.c) Problems with theme modificationWordPress isnt a fan of buggy coding. Its proper working depends on a set of well-built objects operating in harmony. If one of those parts is missing or malfunctions, your WordPress will fail to work, resulting in the WSOD.Themes made by reputable theme shops (shameless plug) and those found in the WordPress.org repository are comprehensively tested for any defects. If your white screen of death in WordPress comes after installing any of such themes, the problem could be a plugin-theme conflict.Modifying or updating themes by hand could cause occurrence of improper coding, which is the heart of most WSOD problems. Try to replace the modified file with an old copy from your backup. Otherwise, you should download and reinstall original theme files.Cause #5: Going above the allowable memory limitThis is a classic indication that your site has grown beyond what your current hosting provider gives y ou. Higher amounts of traffic to your site demand higher memory limits, so you should plan to upgrade accordingly.Start by increasing your PHP memory allocation by adding or editing this line in your wp-config.php file:define('WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '64M');For shared hosts, a memory limit of 64MB is sufficient. Consult the hosting provider if the problem persists after making this alteration.Cheap web hosting can also come at the expense of quality. Such providers want to ensure that they get as many customers within a single server as they can. Therefore, the resources allocated to every client are very limited, for example RAM. If you cant increase your memory limit, youll need to upgrade to the next plan to stop the white screen of death in WordPress from occurring.In the end, most WordPress users and admins will be faced with the infamous WSOD at one point or another in their lives. This problem wont arise from the WordPress core itself, but with using themes and plugins not coded wi th WordPress best practices in mind, user errors, or hosting limitations.If you dont want to worry all that much about this white screen of death, you should first go for quality WordPress hosting provider. A good company will sort out any potential problems as they arise, ensuring that your downtime is kept at a minimum.Its important to stay positive and remember that theres a solution to every situation that you face.

Cicero Essays - Ancient Greek Mathematicians, Hellenistic Philosophy

Cicero Essays - Ancient Greek Mathematicians, Hellenistic Philosophy Cicero Cicero, was truly a man of the state. His writings also show us he was equally a man of philosophical temperament and affluence. Yet at times these two forces within Cicero clash and contradict with the early stoic teachings. Cicero gradually adopted the stoic lifestyle but not altogether entirely, and this is somewhat due to the fact of what it was like to be a roman of the time. The morals of everyday Rome conflicted with some of the stoic ideals that were set by early stoicism. Thus, Cicero changed the face of stoicism by romanizing it; redefining stoicism into the middle phase. Of Cicero it can be said he possessed a bias towards roman life and doctrine. For Cicero every answer lay within Rome itself, from the ideal governing body to the place of divination. Cicero does not offer any alternate answers to roman society, which robs him of being truly a unique and bold political philosopher. This is not to say however some of his doctrines are untrue, just that he is somewhat blinde d by his roman beliefs and assumptions. The assumptions of Cicero can be noticed when one inspects his view of the ideal governing body, which he expresses through Scipio (in the commonwealth). Although Cicero presents very convincing arguments for a Composite government, clearly his view is possibly only due towards his belief in the roman structure of government.1 Cicero was limited to roman borders of experience, and this point was best illustrated by his disagreement with Aristotle's writings on the decay of states. Cicero was unable to think on the level of Aristotle's logic. He quite simply used roman history as a mapping of the paths of the decay of states. In contrast, Aristotle understood the underlying forces and influences that transpired when a state degraded. Cicero quite frankly could not understand the forces which Aristotle so eloquently denoted. For Cicero, history offered the only possible paths of outcomes; the forces and behaviors played little part on the result ing state.2 A further point of philosophical belief which Cicero contradicted the stoic lifestyle, is religion. Roman tradition conflicted greatly with stoic doctrine, and the two philosophies could never truly harmonize with one another. This point brought the distinction between the Greek learned world of intellect, and the traditional religious roman patronage. This observation literally draws a line between the two worlds, that of knowledge and reason opposing that of tradition and sentiment. This illustrated that roman was truly unable to fully accept a Greek philosophy based on knowledge and brotherhood, and a great Roman such as Cicero was similarly unable to accept the stoic doctrine as a whole.3 The philosophy of stoicism originated in Greece, and was based on the order of the universe. Nature to the stoics (universe) was a precisely ordered cosmos. Stoics taught that there was an order behind all the evident confusion of the universe. Mans purpose was to acquire order with in the universe; harmonizing yourself with the universal order. Within this notion of harmonizing lies wisdom, sin resides with resisting the natural order (or nature). The stoics also tell of a rational plan in nature; our role was to live in accord with this plan. The natural order was filled with divinity, and all things possess a divine nature. This natural order was god, and thus the universe was god; the Greek and roman pathos were simply beliefs forged by superstition. The stoics also had a great indifference towards life, in the regard that the natural plan cannot be changed. This attitude made stoic's recluse from fame, and opposed to seeking it. One fundamental belief stoics held was in the universal community of mankind. They held that a political community is nothing more than its laws' borders, since the natural laws are universal imposed; a universal political community existed in which all men share membership. This interpretation is generally regarded as the early st oic stage, which had yet to experience little roman influence. Upon roman adoption, stoicism went through a romanizing period; an altering of the philosophy to better integrate into roman mainstream. The ideal state of Cicero's; For I hold it desirable, first, that there should be a dominant and royal

BUS Assignment 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BUS Assignment 4 - Essay Example I think that managers should alert workers about employee monitoring. The employees need to understand why they are being monitored. They should be aware of the company’s policies and Business Code of Conduct so that they know that the monitoring is within the guidelines of the law. If I were the owner of the company, I will still have the same opinions regarding monitoring of employees. Some form of restraint should still be observed. â€Å"As with most ethical issues, the governing concern should be mutual respect and mutual accountability† (Mujtaba, n.d.). Class discussion 1: Topic B I believe that the degree of variation in the range of earnings across various jobs in our economy is justified because a salary of a person is a product of several factors which I believe he has worked for. These factors include his education, training, experience and luck. No one has a right to question these because I think whatever one is earning now is the result of hard work, somet hing which one has strived for. As an example, I am sure that before Kobe Bryant reached his current rate, he had to undergo a lot of training and sacrifices. It was not an easy path at all so everything he has now, he definitely deserves it.

Stylistic analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stylistic analysis - Coursework Example In his column for Time Magazine (Krauthammer â€Å"Dignity†), written shortly after the memorial was opened, Krauthammer supported the decision to eschew the desires of many disability advocates and in a prominent sculpture, cover FDR’s wheelchair. Typical of Krauthammer’s writing style, he took the issue and transformed it into a scathing criticism of contemporary politicians’ penchant for self-exposure. This is something Krauthammer does often in his polemic style of writing: he starts out discussing one topic and adeptly switches it to another to effectively make his point, with wit and plenty of logic. A review of his most recent columns, published in The Washington Post and in 200 other newspapers and media outlets, demonstrates this technique. In another of his columns about the FDR memorial, for example, he starts off by talking about the movie â€Å"Pearl Harbor,† which he calls â€Å"an engagingly ramshackle mess of comical improbabilities, 40s clichà ©s and dialogue so corny it must have been (was it?) deliberate† (Krauthammer â€Å"Campaign†). Krauthammer then uses a scene in the movie, which has President Roosevelt uncharacteristically open about his disability, to illustrate how both the movie and the memorial went against Roosevelt’s wishes to conceal his disabilities. It is an effective tool, one made more powerful when the reader remembers that the one using the tool is also a user of a wheelchair, and most likely holds the same opinions about disability as FDR did. While Krauthammer has never gone on the record expressing those opinions, his behavior and dignity would seem to support it. Krauthammer’s disability occurred when he was a first-year medical student at Harvard University, in a diving accident. In spite of this, he graduated with his class in 1975 and went on to a successful medical practice, with a wide range of publications in his field of psychiatry

Instructional Approaches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Instructional Approaches - Essay Example The articles selected for analysis reflect different instructional approaches and illustrate different methods and techniques used in social sciences. The article "Literary Studies and Cognitive Science: Toward a New Interdisciplinary" by M. Th. Crane and A. Richardson discuss a new interdisciplinary approach applied to literary studies and social sciences. In this article, a special attention is given to cognitive learning approach and its application. the authors underline that building on earlier theories of learning, researchers working toward interactive technologies perceived limitations in earlier methods. By developing theories that emphasize synthesis and integration of sets of knowledge and skills, researchers hope to address such limitations as an emphasis on components instead of integrated wholes, a closed system that made incorporation of new knowledge difficult, which resulted in essentially passive instruction and labor intensive practice in design and development of instruction. The authors state that the teacher provides modeling of the metacognitive strategies necessary for beginning the task, and, when problems are encountered, assistance is provided by the teacher or group. One learning procedure reflecting this stance, complex dynamic simulations, structures collaborative group work in sharing a complex problem-solving task. This approach is based on theories about the social genesis of learning in which the learner is characterized as being motivated to seek explanations through exploration. The article "Using Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development to Understand the Construction of Healing Narratives" by C. P. Cook-Cottone analyses instructional approaches and learning theories in terms of the Narrative Process. The Healing Narrative Model is based on the structured approach. It means that one is that learning should be contextual and a process of active application of knowledge toward specific problem-solving goals. Also, the article pays a special attention to experiential (or sensorimotor) level and early relationships (or Preoperational) level. An initial authoring activity in instructional design is a clarification of the learning goal for the instruction and/or curriculum. The specification of the goal(s) will help prescribe the format of the instruction. For example, if the goal is the learning of new information, there are basically possibilities. Second is the general agreement regarding the importance of modeling problem-solving strategies as well as the role of conflict or failure in providing an impetus toward new learning. The research by Harris and Pressley, M. (1991) describes bad illustrates the cognitive strategy instruction:. The authors underline that in contrast to the behaviorist view of the learner as shaped by the environment, cognitivebased researchers are investigating the ways that the learner actively shapes the environment to facilitate learning. His research indicates that the knowledge of novices is organized around the literal aspects of a problem statement, whereas the experts' knowledge is organized around principles and abstractions not apparent in the problem

Arte Povera Movements in Modern Art

Arte Povera Movements in Modern Art The movement Arte Povera began in late 1960s the key artists were; Giovanni Anselmo, Jannis Kounellis, Alighiero Boetti, Luciano Fabro, Mario Merz, Marisa Merz, Pier Paolo Calzolari, Giulio Paolini, Giuseppe Penone, Pino Pascali and Michelangelo Pistoletto. Arte Povera translated, means poor art but this does not refer to the quality or types of materials used alone. The artists involved produced sculpture, photography installation and performance. There were also other types of art practice that had an affinity to Arte Povera; Land art, antiform, postminimalism and conceptual art. The artists within this movement were concerned with that point at which art and life, nature and culture, intersect (Christov-Bakargie 1999: 17). Arte Povera found significance within physical forces present in every day life, such as gravity and electricity. Art that merely represented life and acted as a go between art and life was not considered by Arte Povera, experiencing a real life situation was the focus. Along with involving physical forces Arte Povera engaged with aspects of human nature. The objects and materials that the artists used to evoke aspects of human nature stirred the senses allowing the viewer to experience the work. For example Jannis Kounellis wanted the viewer to use their sense of smell he did this by using coffee within his work. The use of texture is applied within Arte Povera, suggesting that the viewer touch the work. The use of text was also popular with Arte Povera, the words were largely handwritten so would come across more personal. In terms of location the artists tend to work indoors however have worked in site-specific places. They have created installations, sculpture, film, and performa nce the artists also worked with ideas of the permanent and temporary. The scale is often determined by the dimensions of the human body, its physical presence and behaviour (Christov-Bakargie 1999: 19) this is demonstrated in Fabros piece in-cubo which consisted of a cloth cube that was big enough for just one person. Kounellis also stated that I cant exceed the height of a man (Bellini 2007: 114). Arte Povera was an outlet for artists at the time to rebel against what they considered an oppressive society both economically and culturally. They believed both these things were trapped within traditions and focused heavily upon consumerism devised to control rather than liberate (Christov-Bakargie 1999: 20). Many other things came under attack at this time such as education, sexuality and religion. The Arte Povera artists questioned all traditional materials, scale, form and concept. A key concept for the artists was to reduce the intellectual control and make the experience more important. Jean-Chrisophe Ammann gave a definition of Arte Povera: Arte Povera designates a kind of art which, in contrast to the technologized world around it, seeks to achieve a poetic statement with the simplest of means. This return to simple materials, revealing laws and processes deriving from the power of the imagination, is an examination of the artists own conduct in an industrialized society [] A way of dropping out which is by no means a denial of society, but which instead asserts a moral claim: the subjectified in its objectified authenticity reflects a natural recollection of environmental phenomena, both universal and individual (Christov-Bakargie 1999: 20). The text Art Povera Notes for a Guerrilla War written by Germano Celant begins by describing a type of art that follows the system First came man, then the system. That is the way it used to be. Now society produces, and man consumes (Celant 1967: 119). This system demands that the art produced by an artist has to follow a certain route; they must conform to the art they have made in the past. The artist makes objects that suit the system, they cannot create an object just for it to be an object they must justify the art and then make it fit for distribution: Turning himself as an artist into a substitute for an assembly line. No longer a stimulator, technician, or specialist of discovery, he becomes a cog in a mechanism. His behaviour is conditioned into never offering more than a correction to the world, perfecting its social structures but never modifying or revolutionizing them (Celant 1967: 119). Marcel Duchamp is mentioned as an opposing example to this type of art, he was never interested in pleasing the system and instead made art that did not follow a linear path. Celant describes that art has two directions one being using existing structures and the other the choice is to make a free art which allows for progression within the work. Celant believes the first choice of using the existing structure is a complex art and the second choice, a free art is a poor art due to it involving unforeseen events and working within the present. Over there a complex art, over here a poor art. Committed to contingency, to events, to the non-historical, to the present (Celant 1967: 119). Arte Povera artists rejected societies system, the artist wanted to be free to grow from the ability to move in any direction with their art to produce art that is unpredictable The artist, who was exploited before, now becomes a guerrilla warrior (Celant, 1967: 119). In a world where the system is well and truly cemented within society Arte Povera exists by not committing itself to any one system. This art is controlled by the practical objective to liberate art. Not to add ideas or art objects in to the world, which could fall in to the system: Hence it does away with categorical positions to focus on gestures that do not add anything to our well-educated perception, that do not oppose themselves to life as art or lead to the creation of separate levels for the ego and the world, but exist as social gestures in and of themselves, as formative and compositive liberations which aim at the identification between man and the world ( Celant, 1967: 119). Celant later wrote another text on Arte Povera in 1969, within this text he reiterates that the artist is renewing events that happen in nature. He compares the artist to an alchemist, having the ability like nature does to create magical things. The artist does not intend to represent these natural processes Like a simple-structured organism, the artist mingles with the environment, he camouflages himself with it (Celant quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 198). Consequently the artist does not aim to change the world or influence it anyway, instead wishes to appreciate natural processes that occur and then experience them through making art. Celant identifies that Arte Povera involves the abolishment of following trends within your work and what you are expected to create as an artist and instead allow the work to organically progress. He abolishes his role as artist, intellectual, painter and sculptor. He learns again to perceive, to feel, to breathe, to walk, to understand, to use himself as a man. Naturally, learning to move or rediscovering ones own existence does not mean playing a new role or making movements, but using oneself as a continuously mouldable material (Celant quoted in Christov-Bakargie1999: 198). In 1968 Marisa Volpi wrote American Art and Italian Art: New directions, within this text she explores what is primary or minimal art. She defines this type of art as devoid of complicated form and absent from traditional aestheticism ( Volpi quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 196). She also writes that these types of artists tend to be sculptors, as they believe that painting is limited in its two dimensionality, which restricts its capabilities of illusionism. Their focus is on involving the viewers in their presence and prompting isolated and particularized sensations, rather than on making them reflect, think and exercise judgement ( Volpi quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 196). Volpi states that the distinctive feature at the time the text was written between European artists and others differed by their intellectual understatements within their art. Volpi describes what the Arte Povera artists produced They work on that perceptual fabric which comes before our logical-historical relations with the world (Volpi quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 196). This quote is expressing similar ideas written by Celant, that Arte Povera is a rejection of producing work that follows a pattern and instead works with human nature as content. She describes many different themes within Arte Povera one being the use of ordinary processes such as filling up, covering up, opening, rolling up, lighting etc (Volpi quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 196). Volpi ends her essay by writing that the Arte Povera artists intended to change the way that art was traditionally perceived. Chapter 2 part 2 This section of the chapter will explore several artists work who were involve within the Arte Povera Movement. Looking back at the question, what is Relational Aesthetics relationship to Arte Povera? Does Arte Povera include social interactions as part of the practice in the same way as Relational Aesthetics? Considering artist practices and how they use interaction and participation within their art. The artist Michelangelo Pistoletto (2001) said about his work: I am interested in the passage between objects more than in the objects themselves. I am interested in the perceptive faculty, in the sensitisation of the individual. Objects, the state of things, human movements accepted in their conventional appearance, do not contribute in any way to the profound stimulus of man, the full use of his cerebral capacities (Pistoletto quoted in 2001: 7). He is saying here that the object is not the most important part of the object but the channels between objects. He is interested in the interaction of the individual with the work and the awareness the viewer has of the work by way of their senses. Looking at objects in their normal capacity will not motivate people to use their full intellectual abilities. Pistoletto was recognized as a key artist of Arte Povera, his most famous pieces are Mirror Paintings and his series Minus Objects. Mirror Paintings consisted of human scaled images applied to reflective steel. The use of steel and the reflections from the viewers of the work meant the paintings were breaking with traditions of figurative painting. The involvement of the viewer within the art evoked a link between art and life. Minus objects was a series of sculptures that offered psychological and physical experiences (Tate 2001:..). One sculpture Lunch Painting 1965 is a cross between a picnic table and chairs, a painting and a sculpture thus questioning traditions of painting and not creating objects as commodities. In an interview with Paola Noe Can Art still Save Our Souls? 2008 Pistoletto identifies the beginnings of his Mirror Paintings: The figure of a man seemed to come forward, as if alive, in the space of the gallery: but the true protagonist was the relationship of instantaneousness that was created between the spectator, his own reflection and the painted figure, in an ever-present movement that concentrated the past and the figure in itself to such an extent as to cause one to call their very existence into doubt: it was the dimension of time itself (Noe 2008: 64). Pistoletto distinguishes that the central theme of the work is the interactivity between the artwork and the spectator. He explains there are two different types of present the one of the reflections and the time the image was captured, the image captured is also in the past as a memory. Past, present and future are all involved in the piece in different combinations, the future being the continuation of visitors to the gallery. Noe considers Pistolettos Minus Objects foretold Bourriauds theory Relational Aesthetics. Pistoletto responded in agreement suggesting the theory was born from Minus Objects with which I moved from the diversity of objects to the diversity of people (Noe 2008: 67). He states by taking his work outside the gallery it opened up art to a wider audience and to the unconventional. However Bourriaud states that relational art is not a re-interpretation or revival of any art movement. Relational artists do not use social interaction because it is the trend at the time or as an accompaniment to their practice. The social interaction is the subject matter of their work, and also the outcome. Bourriaud contends that previous use of participation in art specifically in the 60s was concerned with the definition of art as its focus and not social interactivity. Bourriaud also comments that art in this period was creating utopian ideas of society unlike Relational Aesthetics that created existing spaces. Giovanni Anselmo is another artist from Arte Povera who worked with nature and phenomena, one example is his use of the physical force, gravity. These things play the part of content as well as material within his work. At the centre of his art which integrates nature, perception and philosophy stands the human being (Werd and Watkins 2005: 106). The human being is an integral part of Anselmos work, as the gallery goer is transformed into a participant. For example his work Invisible 1971 involved a projected light, if anyone came into contact with the light it would then project on to his or her body making the light visible. Anselmos work of the 1960s and 1970s is an exploration of the obvious connection between art and the difficulty of understanding the world around us. In relation to the important aspects of Arte Povera mentioned earlier in this chapter Anselmo tries to break traditions for example having his materials created by someone else removing the workmanship and the traditional idea of processes like stone carving. He makes the experience of the work more important rather than the intellect in the work. Anselmo is re-inventing things within nature and phenomenon whilst keeping the work simple and bridging the gap between art and life however not representing it. Anselmo states he tries to be real, noting how he finds it incredible to be on earth, walking about and lookingit is magic just to be here. And often one forgets that (Anselmo quoted in Werd and Watkins 2005: 112). Anselmo (1969) writes that he does not fix situations but keeps them open, as situations in real life are not fixed; they are in a constant state of change. Because energy exists in all guises and in all situations, to work with energy requires total freedom in choosing and using materials (Anselmo quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 233). Jannis Kounellis was also an artist that was associated with Arte Povera, Kounellis questioned conventions and traditions within art and also made art that cannot be sold. He did this by using live animals within his work, such as parrots, horses and goldfish. When asked what it was that defined Arte Povera Kounellis responded by saying that there was little planning or rigidity involved, Not having any dogmatic paranoia, not starting from a manifesto, the acceptance of contradictions (Bellini 2007: 114). In his work Opposite (1967) Kounellis placed a variety of objects that contrasted within the gallery space, by doing this he created a theatrical environment in which visitors became more than viewers and instead were transformed into actors. Kounellis also created an installation Untitled (12 horses) the use of twelve horses was not just to contest consumer society, but also referenced historical painting and were seen to represent power and energy. The human senses were also impor tant to the Arte Povera artists in Kounelliss case he used smell. Nature as a theme is also included within his work, he often places fire within the work from quite aggressive jets of fire to a more intimate use of fire in candles. In an interview with Marisa Volpi (1968) and Kounellis discuss whether chance is a determinate factor with his work. Kounellis states that When you have a plan, there is the fixed idea of development. When you plan, you eliminate openness. (Kounellis quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 248). Kounellis (1968 a) also reiterates an important aspect within Arte Povera and that is the intention to unite art and life. He demonstrates this unity through the transformation of the gallery into a theatre where real life and fiction merge (Tate). Kounellis (1968 b) explains that art should strive towards authenticity and by using this term he means an art that does not categorize itself within a product or tradition that it doesnt want to shed. He states the work should be defiant towards conventionality the artist then becomes a permanent disturbance (Kounellis quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 248). It is also important however that the viewer also sees the work in this way they must react t o them as signs of otherness and as indications of unconventionality (Kounellis quoted in Christov-Bakargie 1999: 248). In an interview with Andrea Bellini, Kounellis speaks about several topics the first one explored is drama. Drama is a fundamental part in his work and this is because drama is the basis of his culture. Kounellis is asked to explain what drama is and replies, In Italy, wherever there is drama, there is a new perspective; everything new is dramatically new, the rest is not actually new (Bellini 2007: 112). Language is also referred to Kounellis feels the most important gesture he has ever made was when he broke away from the canvas and started to work outside of it, this allowed him realize more this gesture opened a world for me (Bellini 2007: 113). The approaches made by Kounellis and others within the Arte Povera movement have lead to the rethinking of the gallery space or as Kounellis (2007) states by considering intervention within the gallery has changed the rules of the game. For example the piece where he placed a mass of carbon in the corner of a room as a gesture showed a d ifferent way to use the gallery. He strongly believes that the gallery is not a place to purchase artwork. The artist must make work that is socially relevant and make a declaration at the same time.

sampson :: essays research papers

[English] PDREADME.TXT MATROX GRAPHICS INC. 2001.01.18 Matrox PowerDesk for Windows 2000 Revision 5.32.010 Contents ======== - Description of this release - Installation - More information - Notes, problems, and limitations Description of this release =========================== Matrox PowerDesk software includes a display driver and display utilities. With this software, you can take full advantage of your Matrox graphics hardware and you can access additional Matrox display-related features. Installation ============ To install Matrox PowerDesk, start the "setup" program included with it, then follow the on-screen instructions. The setup program will only install software if a Matrox graphics card model supported by the setup program is installed in your computer. More information ================ For more information on Matrox PowerDesk, see the help file included with it. For information specific to your Matrox graphics card, see your Matrox or system manual. Notes, problems, and limitations ================================ - DirectDraw, Direct3D and DirectVideo support The DirectDraw driver we provide is compatible with DirectX 2 (or later) and includes Direct3D support. For our DirectDraw/Direct3D driver to be called, and benefit from hardware acceleration, Microsoft DirectX 2 (or later) MUST be installed, even for programs originally made for DirectX 1. Also, if a recent version of DirectX isn't installed, some Matrox PowerDesk features may not be available. We provide DirectX on the Matrox CD-ROM. The latest DirectX is available from the Microsoft Web site, and is included with many DirectX programs. IMPORTANT: If the DirectX setup program prompts you to replace the existing display drivers, click "No". Otherwise, the setup program installs display drivers which are not as optimized as the Matrox drivers and which do not support PowerDesk software. Note that depending on the origin of your Microsoft DirectX software, it may not include DirectVideo support. For faster playback of Indeo and Cinepak AVI files, you should install Microsoft DirectVideo support. - Matrox bus mastering This driver supports bus mastering. Bus mastering is a feature that allows expansion cards to perform tasks at the same time as your computer's CPU. If you have a fast Pentium computer (faster than 166 MHz), the display performance of most programs is improved when bus mastering is used. To use bus mastering with 3D (Direct3D/OpenGL) programs, your graphics card needs an interrupt request (IRQ). Most computers automatically assign an IRQ to graphics cards, but some do not. If your graphics card hasn't been assigned an IRQ, programs that use Matrox bus mastering may not work properly. For more information, see your Matrox or system manual. - DirectDraw and Automatic Power Management As stated in "Microsoft DirectX Release Notes", September 30,

Consumer Traits and Behavior Paper

The practice of making a purchase or the influence of purchasing habits consists of several unseen processes. Most of these processes consist of consumer traits, social, psychological, decision, and behavior processes, which are in need of research. Organized study has gathered several theories and reasons concerning how, and why consumer traits and behavior have influence concerning the purchasing process. The consumer psychologist propose that each purchase made by consumers are in a number of ways influenced by components, such as cultural influences, psychological, and social processes, internal, and external factors. Consumers of today are demonstrating a desire for fresh products and services. Because of these desires, doors of opportunity are opened for consumers, marketing providers, and businesses to approve or disapprove new concepts. Organizations will need to conduct nationwide research concerning the consumer’s behavior, and his or her decision- making processes. The research will support a variety of roles and ideas for product development. A successful marketer understands the numerous causes, motivation, and influences of consumer purchasing. A psychological process occurs in the minds of individuals, and usually affects the individuals’ behavior. Concerning this topic, psychological process determines the consumer’s behavior. The team member will discuss three psychological processes, and three social processes. The team member will begin with psychological processes. Motivation: The internal force that encourages the consumer to take certain actions, Memory: Consumers use this process to store, acquire, retain, and retrieve information sometimes later. Perception: by perception, consumers interpret, and organize sensations that affect him or her, and important to his or her lives. A social process occurs in an individuals’ life or surroundings. An individuals’ social life may affect his or her patterns of behavior and interactions. Social influence processes include: Family and role influences: How individuals are raised and family roles often determine how he or she responds to the environment. Opinion leaders: Individuals are usually affected by those who influenced his or her life. Culture: Individuals may acquire similar or different interests, or likes. The importance of understanding consumer motivation will help businesses to develop marketing strategies that work. Businesses can communicate with his or her customer in ways that highlight his or her most valuable attributes. A successful business relies upon its capability to draw and keep customers, eager to buy goods and services at costs that will profit the business. Consumer perception explains how consumers and probable consumers view other companies, and his or her goods and service. Consumer perception becomes significant for a business because it can influence the customer’s behavior, which eventually affects the businesses profits. A variety of businesses spend huge quantities of capital to persuade customer awareness. Consumer perception can most times determine success or failure for a business. An example of this consists of an individual who own his or her restaurant, and the restaurant has a reputation for serving good food. The general perception would indicate that everyone should eat at this particular restaurant because it serves the best foods in town. This perception could boost revenue for the restaurant, but on the other hand if consumers had a negative perception about the restaurant, it could hinder profits. Consumer memory allows consumers to remember and identify information for future use. Therefore, memory plays an important role concerning the decision- making process of consumers, by moving his or her awareness and remembrance of marketing information. Consumers used information stored in his or her memory knowingly and unknowingly when making decisions. These decisions range from what brand and flavor of soda to drink or what manufacture, and type of car to purchase. By understanding these important processes marketers can better prepare to market new product and services to consumers.

Digital Dating: Desperation or Necessity?

In this essay I will examine the articles, Digital Dating: Desperation or Necessity? Written by Christine Hassler, a former Hollywood Agent, and the author of the book called Twenty-Something, Twenty-Everything. This article talks about social networks, their impact on both of our social and love life. It tries to convince us to try to experience all the benefits that online dating provides us. Technology has implemented itself in almost every aspect of our daily lives, and the new big thing we have currently is the rave of online dating. Computers are day in day out coming out with new dating websites, and people are buying into the whole idea of it being a last resort and only option left. Of course it is so much easier to sit on a computer and explain detailed information about yourself and come up with matches or results, but where was this decades ago when there was no such thing as the internet. Before computers this means that men and women actually had to go out in public and communicate back and forth to find their life partners. Nonetheless, I don’t consider the online dating strategy to be an effective or good idea in the first place because there are too many problems and negative effects that can come from it more so than positive ones. I think people should be very careful. Meeting strangers face to face in social situations is good so long as you size them up, look at their body language and how they interact with others. See their friends as this will tell you a lot about them. Before considering them a romantic possibility it is better to get to know them first as friends and find out what they are really like.

Rogers essays

Rogers essays Drawing from our experiances with formal education , we have come to agree with Rogers to some degree, but also disagree with some of the points that he made concerning freedom in the classroom. There are many components of the theory that would be helpful to the learning process of the student. Rogers believed that the student should be faced with a real problem that holds some meaning and relevance for him/her. (Rogers According to Rogers, teachers are very responsible in the creation of the students inner freedom. Teachers must have many qualities that will allow for self actualization. First, the teacher has to gain confidence in his/her students so that the he/she can allow for freedom in the classroom without feeling that the situation would get out of control. Second, the teacher must be real. (Rogers s thoughts and opinions, even if they are not perfect. And last, the teacher must show empathy towards the students fellings. Each of these components allow for inner freedom, helping the student to believe in him/herself. Although we believe that these components do have their place in the classroom, we began to lose confidence in the thoery when looking at the last two facilitating components of inner freedom. According to Rogers, there is no need for any type of structure in the classroom. His theory did not include room for lesson plans, organized lectures, homework assignments, tests, or grades. All students should be allowed freedom in the classroom, but only to a certain extent. ...

Best Candidate to be U.S. President Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Best Candidate to be U.S. President - Essay Example The US presidential elections have called upon the people to elect a futurist and visionary leader. These elections are very important for the people of the United States as well as the rest of the world. This is due to the fact that people are living amidst great danger and challenges, which have proved to be of greater complexity than the problems of the past. At present, there are weapons of mass destruction, which can eradicate a nation’s people in one go. Terrorism has become globalized, and is increasing tremendously, due to the sophistication of communications and weapons. Democracy has been degraded, across the world, by some rogue nations, which also sponsor terrorism. A number of new health hazards are anticipated, as a result of the increase in global warming, which could lead to the outbreak of new diseases (Council on Foreign Affairs). These threats and risks cannot be addressed by the present leadership. What is required is a totally new vision, in respect of leadership, which is beyond Bush and his cronies at the White House. The need of the hour is visionary leadership that is based on the past experiences. It should not be bound by outdated and obsolete thinking. This was evident in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks on the US. The Bush administration responded by adopting traditional thinking. This thinking was confined to the conventional thinking of the past; and this inept government viewed terrorism as a state – oriented problem rather than a problem with international ramifications. Consequently, the Bush administration adopted military solutions rather than initiating international action. This conventional thinking led the US to wage a war against Iraq, which resulted in international opprobrium and hostility toward the US. The new visionary leadership has to perforce end this ethically unjustifi ed war and thereby pacify the comity of nations. The war in Iraq has to be ended in a responsible

Russian Marketplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Russian Marketplace - Essay Example The positive side to the bakery/coffee market is it is a growing market in Russia. For an American keen on establishing bakery/coffee outlet in Russia, the difficulties may not be more than what you may encounter in any other growing economy. The distribution system in Russia does not appear to be well-organized and there are queues to make most purchases. The trend is changing with budding entrepreneurs coming up with marketing skills that, given the political nod, could easily upset the lethargic traditional system (Smilor, Ray; 2002). There are encouraging signs for anyone in America considering an entry into the bakery/coffee market in Russia. There is enormous potential for growth in this market. The annual per capita consumption of coffee in Russia is 500 gm as compared to 12 kg in neighbouring Scandinavian countries (Nestl to start coffee processing in Russia, 2004). Statistics are not available for bakery items which comprise large range of products comprising cakes, bread, biscuits, and other savouries. However, there is the eagerness to taste new assortment of baked items. There are also trade fairs and exhibitions for bakery items. So it should not be difficult for American entrepreneurs to participate in these fairs and exhibitions and glean information for starting bakery outlets in cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg to begin with (Event Profile, 2010) This does not mean that starting a bakery in Russia is a cakewalk. There are going to be difficulties and obstacles in the form of competition as well as other unknown problems. The iron curtain may not exist any longer. However, Russia is still going through teething problems and the transition to a free market is experiencing a pull between traditional radicals and budding entrepreneurs (Smilor, Ray; 2002). You got to stick to the budding entrepreneurs. While on the subject of bakeries, it is pertinent to make mention of Fazer's successful operations in Russia. "Fazer is one of Russia's leading bakery companies. During the past three years, Fazer's bakery operations in Russia have grown at an average rate of ca 40 per cent annually, and today they constitute 14 per cent of the Group's turnover. Fazer has during the past ten years invested ca 130 M in its operations in Russia and the Group's four bakeries in Russia employ 3 500 people. Fazer is a leading contract catering company in the Nordic and the Baltic countries, offering customers delicious food and tailor-made service solutions. The company operates in the Nordic countries, Estonia, Latvia and Russia." (Fazer's